Apparatus for the repeated settings of one or several movable machine parts, such asthe work-tables of machine tools



March 25, 1958 K. H. SCHULTZE 2,827,699

APPARATUS FOR THE REPEATED SETTINGS OF ONE OR SEVERAL MOVABLE MACHINEPARTS, SUCH As THE WORK-TABLES OF MACHINE TOOLS Filed Nov. 4, 1953 3Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor." M H. SCHULTZE APPARATUS FOR THE REPEATEDSETTINGS OF ONE OR SEVERAL MOVABLE MACHINE PARTS, SUCH AS THEWORK-TABLES OF MACHINE TOOLS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 MrchZS, 1958 I K sc u z2,827,699

Filed Nov. 4, 1953 March 25, 1958 K. H. SCHULTZE 2,827,699

APPARATUS FOR THE REPEATED SETTINGS OF ONE OR SEVERAL MOVABLE MACHINEPARTS, SUCH AS THE WORK-TABLES OF MACHINE TOOLS Filed Nov. 4, 1953 5Sheets-Sheet 5 F/g/za 5 .14 L WW I WV L W 1 WW (1 as b zs 67 aa L75Inventor? United States 2,827,699 Patented Mar. 25, 1958 APPARATUS FORTHE REPEATED SETTINGS OF ONE OR SEVERAL MOVABLE MACHINE PARTS, SUCH ASTHE WORK-TABLES OF MACHINE TOOLS Kurt H. Schultze, Berlin-Frohnau,Germany, assignor to Herbert Lindner G. in. b. H., Berlin-Wittenau,Germany Application November 4, 1953, Serial No. 390,212 Claimspriority, application Germany November 11, 1%52 11 Claims. (Cl. 33-1)This invention relates to an apparatus for the setting of movablemachine parts, and particularly to machine tools such as boring machineshaving setting gages provided with markings for setting the work tableforming part of a compound slide.

It is an object of the present invention to allow a repeated setting ofone or more movable parts such as the compound slide of machine tools.

It is another object of the present invention to allow the markings tobe zonally produced so as to correspond to the various operations to beperformed with the work pieces.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide optical meanscooperating with the markings of the setting gauges.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide apro-signal associated with the markings of; the setting gauges.

It is a still further object of the present invention to providemagnetic means producing the reference-marks. Other objects andadvantages of the present invention will become apparent from thefollowing detailed description thereof in connection with theaccompanying drawings.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings, which show its application to a work-carrying table of thetype used in combination with a radial drill or similar tool theposition of whichis adapted to be adjustably fixed while the table isdisplaceable relatively to the tool in two mutuallyperpendiculardirections.

ln said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation view ofa complete co-ordinate boring machineembodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the transmitting apparatus ofthe arrangement shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top plan viewof the transparent viewing glasswith thereference lines;

Fig. 4 is a setting gage with several scratched-on zones and support;

Fig. 5 is a cross section of the setting gage shown in Fig. 4, whereinthe gage is a prismatic bar;

Pig. 6 is across section of the setting gage shown in Fig, 4, whereinthegage is a cylindrical bar;

Fig. 7 is another form of support for the setting gage;

Fig. 8 is the focusing microscope in operation;

Pig. 9 is an adjusted workpiece;

Fig. lQ-is a magneto-electric setting gage;

Fig. 11 shows part of a carriage with the wire setting gage in section;

Figs. 1-244 show the magnetic markings produced on the setting gage;

' Fig. ljshows two difierent setting gages.

R ferring thedraw ng n det l, ther i ill ra ed in. F g. 1. a CO- Idinateboring ma h ne sh ing h fiature of my invention associated therewith.The boring machine is provided with a supporting frame 1, a headstock 2carrying a boring spindle 3 with a tool 4, a bed 6 with longitudinalways 5 (termed hereinafter the first slide ways), a lower carriage 7 anda table or upper carriage 8 movable upon said lower carriage. The lowercarriage 7 and the table or upper carriage 8 form a compound slidehaving traverse ways rail 9. The table or upper carriage 8 is providedwith T-slots 10 for fixing a workpiece 11. Parallel to the firstlongitudinal ways 5 a first setting member or gage 12 is exchangeablymounted on the bed 6 by means of supporting devices 13 and adjustable ina longitudinal direction by set screws 14. A first transmitting ormarking apparatus device 15 associated with said first setting gage 12is mounted on the lower carriage 7 by fixing means 16. A second settingmember or gage 17 is adjustably secured parallel to the traverse 9 alongthe table or upper carriage 8. A second transmitting. or markingapparatus or device 18 associated with the second setting gage 17 ismounted on the lower carriage 7. The front of the bed 6 is provided witha control box 19 containing two microscopes or viewing glasses 2% andserving for adjusting the carriage and table, respectively, whichadjustment may be eflected according to a coarse or fine scale,respectively. In addition, the control box 19 is provided with pushbuttons such as 2-1 for starting and stopping the motions of thecarriage and table, and with a handwheel 22 for the fine adjustment byhand for the co-ordinate measuring table.

The second transmitting or marking apparatus 18 is shown on a largerscale in Fig. 2. It should be understood that the first transmitting ormarkin apparatus 15 is designed in. the same manner but displaced by 90against the first transmitting apparatus 18. A casing 24 is attached toa housing 23 which contains cylindrical guide bars 25, 26 and arestoring spring 27 of a chuck 28 on whi h is mounted a scratching tool2?, such as a diamond. The cylindrical g ide bar 25 has a slot 3i?forming a guide for a counter guide 31. The operation of this device isas follows: The tipof the scratching tool 29 moves opposite a polishedsurface 32 of the second setting gage 17 and, in the drawing, is shownclose above said second setting gage 17- which, the table 8 being inmotion, and not being in contact with-the scratching tool 2% moves withthe table 8. In order to scratch a mark on the setting gage 17 thescratching tool 29 is moved in a short motion along the polished surface32 by pressing a'button 33 and compressing the spring 27. The housing 23contains a setting apparatus 34 comprising a lens systern 35, prisms 36,and a mirror 37; The rays 41 emitted by a lamp 33 are first refiected'bya reflector 39 and the polished surface 32 of the setting gage 17 sothat the enlarged projection of a scratched marking is directed by alens system 35, the prisms 36 and themirror 3'7 against a transparentviewing glass 42 which-is mounted on top of housing 23 by a ring 43.Saidtr-ansparent viewing glass 42 (Fig. 3) is marked with two referencelines 44 which serve for the exact adjustment of the table 8 to themarkings scratched upon the polished area .32. Such a mark, illustratinga division line and projected upon said transparent viewing glass 42, isseen in Fig. 3 at 4-5. When this mark is in the exact center between thetwo reference lines 44 the table coincides exactly with'the marking ofthe setting gage.

A photocell 46 arranged in the housing 23, serves for the automaticcontrol of the motion of the compound slide 7, S. A contaetor controller(not shown) is vconnected to the photocell 46 by conductors 47. Thephotocell current flowing through the eonductor 47 is amplified by anamplifier (not shown). The mirror 37 is provided with slots 48,analogous to he reference lines 44 p rmitting h l gh ays ,1; to fe l potheph t l T'aese slots 48 are in the path of the light rayscorresponding to the projectedmarkings 45. The change in the angle 'ofincidence thus produced results in the automatic control'of the motionof the slide. The drive is stopped when the contactor controller (notshown) operates, whereby the slide motionis braked at the same time. Theprojected mark releasing the control action can also be a pre-signal, asdescribed later. i

Another embodiment of the respective setting gages 12-and 17 is shown inFig. 4 where several zones are shown lying parallel to one anotherQgThesetting gage provided with six zones 51, corresponding to'the number ofthe prism faces. The zones of the cylindrical setting gage 50 arearranged at angular distances defined by an angle The zonedivisions areindicated by the dotand-dash lines 52; The exa-mplevshown is dividedinto eight of such zones The respective setting gages 49 and e'il'areturnably mounted. Pig; 4 shows a support by way of example. Bearingplates 53 arranged at either a side of the setting gage serve assupports. One of these bearing plates 53 is provided with an index ball54.

The setting gage being adjusted,'index ball 54 which is subject to aspring pressure, is pressed into triangular recesses 55 provided on theface of a setting button or knob 56 which is screwed upon a shoulder orprojection 57 against a collar 58 by a nut 59 and connected with thesetting gage. The marks 45, corresponding to the initial settings of theworkpiece, are arranged in zones according to the use of the tools, asindicated in Fig. 9. The zones are aligned so as to start at the samezero mark .at 45'. The zero marks of the prismatic and the cylindricalsetting gages shown in Figs. 5 and 6, respectively, are in a plane atright angles to their axes.

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of the'setting gage. It consists of aflat bar 60. The zones are arranged on the front area 61, parallel toone another and designated by I, II, and III, respectively. The zeromarks 45' are on a line vertical to the longitudinal axis of the settinggage. The marks are shown at 45. The fiat bar 60 is provided withrecesses 62 associated with said zones; A support 63 is provided with anindex ball 64 fitting into said recesses 62. The flat bar 60 is movablein longitudinal ways 65 so as to be adjustable to'each zone. It is alsopossible to shift the transmitting apparatus and/or setting apparatusinstead of the setting gage, in which case the setting gage isstationary.

A focusing microscope 66 provided with lighting equipment (not shown)and mounted in the boring spindle 3 serves to align the center of saidboring'spindle 3 upon a reference area of the workpiece. A cable 67leads the current to said lighting equipment (not shown). A referencesquare 68 provided with a reticule 69 is aligned to the reference edges70 and 71, and the mark then brought in coincidence with the reticule(not shown) of the focusing microscope 66. This operation is shown inFig. 9. The workpiece 11 is adjusted so as to coincide 'with thereference area thereof with the reference edges 70 and 71. The point ofintersection of the reference edges 70 and 71 is the reference point ofthe co-ordinate system. 'In this initial setting the reference marks arescratched on the two setting gages.

The zones 51 are shown separately from each other and marked with'I, II,and 1H on the setting gages 12 and 17. The holes 72, all of which are ofthe same diameter, are determined by the marks 45 in accordance with theco-ordinates of zone I; the holes 73, also being 'of equal diameter, aredetermined by the marks according to zone II; and finally the holes 74,also having the same diameters, are determined by the marks according tozone In ofthe setting gages 12 and 17; In order to bore the'holes 72 to74 without any jig the intersecting points of the co-ordinatesassociated with the marks in question are'set on the setting gages insequence. For

this purpose the adjustment drive in its direction is controllable, i.e., it can be switched from a clockwise to an anticlockwise drive. Thisadjustment can be effected either automatically by the photocell '46 orby hand through the handwheel 22. i

Fig. 10 shows a magnetic setting gage consisting of a band or wire'75fixed in the supports 76 and 77. The markings are transmitted to thewire by a transmitter 73, and are scanned by a receiver 79. With saidreceiver a dial indicator is coupled by which the adjustment or" thetable can be read at any time. The marks received by the receiver 79 areamplified by an amplifier 81, and actuate a contactor controller (notshown). Transmitter 78 and receiver 79 are designed as in any wellknownwire recording apparatus. a

it is also possible to combine the magnetic transmission of markingswith the above-described one. This is shown in Fig. 11. The magnetizablewire 75 rests in a semi-cylindrical recess 32., of, for example, theslide 83. The scratching tool 29 shown inFig. 2 scratches the markingsinto the wire 75' which are scanned'by an optical system, aiso shown inFig. 2. This equipment makes it possible to produce a magnetic mark as apresignal and a scratched mark as an end signal, as showndiagrammatically in Fig. 12 in which the magnetic setting gage at 75 isgiven a pre-signal as a magnetic impulse shown by the dash line 84,while the end signal is scratched-in and indicated by the full line 85.

Another embodiment of the magnetic transmission of markings is 'shown'diagrammatically in Fig. 13. The marking is in form of a continuouszigzag line 86 between points a and b on the setting gage 75.- In thisconnection, a indicates the start of the pre-signal, an

a b the end of same; b being the end signal.

It is also possible to produce the magnetic transmission of marks byindicating their decreasing and increasing intensities or frequencies,as shown in Fig. 14. The decreasing zigzag line 87 indicates thedecreasing intensity or frequency. It controls the slowing-down of thetable motion up to its stop, which is effected by the scratched-in endsignal 85. The magnetic and the scratched-in markings are on the samesetting gage 75. However, the setting gauge 75 for the magnetic and that90 for the scratched-in signs may be arranged separately as shown inFig. 15 and mounted in common supports 88 and 39, which are mounted onthe machine frame or carriage, respectively. The magnetic markings onthe setting gage 75 are analogous to those shown in Figs. 13 or 14. Thescratched-in markings are produced on the other setting gage 0 andconstitute the end signals. By producing scratched-in markings themagnetizable setting gage can be read, thus eliminating the dialin asshown in Fig. 9. The workpiece having been ad-' justed the co-ordinatereference point 0 is transferred as reference markings to the settinggages 12 and 17. The initial settings, effected in zones, are producedas markings upon the setting gauges 12 and 17. By this the settinggauges 12 and 17 are in working connection with the machining of thefirst workpiece. In order to machine the subsequent workpieces of thesame series the setting gauges 12, 17 remain fixed in the machine tool.Both the carriage and the table are set to the reference marks of bothsetting gages 12, '17, and in this position the new workpiece is alignedto the reference edges 74 and 71. Then markings are bored in zones inaccordance with the markings on the setting gages 12, 17. The zonalsetting at the setting gage is done by turning or by a paralleladjustment, the correct setting being determined by the recesses suchas55 and 62. Also in the case of magnetic setting gages the initial tablesetting is done by virtue of magnetic or scratched-in reference marks.When sufiicient width is available a zonal division is possible.

When working with the pre-signal, immaterial whether this has beenproduced magnetically or is scratched-in, the rapid motion of theadjustment drive is switched off and changed to slow motion. The finalsetting of the carriage is effected by automatic photocell control. Whenthe final setting is effected by hand followed by a microscopic recheckof the scratched-in sign the slow motion is stopped shortly prior toreaching the final position. The same settings take place when thesetting gages are being changed.

While I have illustrated and described a specific embodiment of myinvention, it will be understood that this is by way of illustration,and that various changes and modifications may be made in theconstruction and arrangement of parts within the contemplation of myinvention, and under the scope of the following claims.

What I claim is:

1. A machine tool for machining a plurality of work pieces in anidentical manner including in combination, a base, a lower carriagemounted to said base and slida- 'ble longitudinally in guide ways formedin said base, an upper carriage mounted to said lower carriage andslidable in a transverse guide way formed in the upper surface of saidlower carriage, means for mounting a plurality of work pieces to theupper surface of said upper carriage, a first linear setting membermounted to said base and longitudinally adjustable relative thereto,said first setting member being substantially parallel to saidlongitudinal guide ways, a first marking device mounted to the lowercarriage associated with said first setting member, whereby thelongitudinal position of said movable lower carriage is determined, asecond linear setting member adjustably mounted to said upper carriagedisposed substantially parallel to said transverse guide way, a secondmarking device mounted to the lower carriage and associated with thesecond setting member, said second marking device including scratchingmeans adapted to incribe a setting mark on a surface of said secondlinear setting member, said second marking device including settingmeans whereby the mark inscribed in said second linear setting member ismagnified so that adjustment of said upper carriage is obtained andpositioning means mounted to said base to adjust the position of saidupper and lower carriage relative to said first and second markingmembers respectively.

2. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1, each of said setting membersbeing formed as a setting gauge provided with a plurality oflongitudinal zones arranged parallel to one another, said zones beingadapted to have markings produced thereon, each of said zones beingassociated with one operation of the machine tool, said setting gaugesbeing settable in accordance with the relevant zones.

3. In a machine tool as claimed in claim 1, at least one of said settingmembers being formed as a many-sided prism turnably mounted about theaxis thereof, holding means for said many-sided prism, said holdingmeans having recesses, and means connected with said prism and engagingsaid recesses of said holding means.

4. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1, at least one of said settingmembers being formed as a cylinder turnably mounted about the axisthereof, and means associated with said cylinder so as to hold saidcylinder in predetermined positions.

5. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1, at least one of said settingmembers being formed as a flat bar having zones arranged on the areathereof, said fiat bar being movable in a direction transverse to saidzones so as to be settable to one of said zones, and means for holdingsaid flat bar in any of a plurality of parallel positions.

6. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1 wherein said scratching meansincludes a scratching tool adapted to scratch said markings in at leastone of said setting members.

7. A machine tool as claimed in claim 6 wherein, said scratching toolincludes a cylindrical guide bar, a slot in said bar, a rod slidable insaid slot, a spring opposing the movement of said rod, a chuck at thelower extremity of said rod, and a diamond mounted in said chuckdisposed opposite a polished surface of said second linear settingmember.

8. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1, including an optical systemassociated with at least one of said setting members, said opticalsystem including a light source and a photocell arranged in the path ofthe light rays emitted by said light source, said photocell beingadapted to stop the travel of said setting member by means of themarkings thereof which are projected upon said photocell.

9. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1 wherein said machine includes ahousing enclosing said second mark ing device, said housing including anoptical system having a photocell, a substantially vertical guide bararranged in said housing, a scratching tool connected with said verticalguide bar, said scratching tool having a point arranged in the plane ofone of said setting members, said point being in rest position out ofcontact with the same, and means for moving said point so as to makecontact with said setting member.

10. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1, at least one of said settingmembers being magnetizable so as to be marked with magnetic marks, atransmitter associated with said setting member for transmitting saidmagnetic marks, and a receiver associated with said setting members forscanning said magnetic marks.

11. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first settingmember is magnetizable so as to be adapted to receive magnetic impulsesfrom the mark etched by said scratching means corresponding to apresignal, optical second markings applied to said second settingmember, and a photocell associated with said second setting member, saidphotocell being responsive to said second markings.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHERREFERENCES American Machinist Magazine, January 3, 1946,

pages 83-86.

Machinery Magazine, June 7, 1951, pages 960, 961.

